Warm-air furnace



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. P. REYNOLDS.

WARM AIR FURNACE.

No. 404,561. Patented June 4, 1889.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

B. P. REYNOLDS.

WARM AIR FURNACE.

Patented June 4, 1889.

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g {iyw e: I I; I r l N PETERS. Pholoiilhugnpher, Wnb nllon. 04c.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

KENJAMIN F. REYNOLDS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WARM-A IRFURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,561, dated June 4,1889. Application filed December 26, 1888. Serial No. 294,651. (NomodeL) To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN F. REYNOLDS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook andSt-ate of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in WVarm-Air Furnaces, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces forwarming air; and myobject is to provide such a furnace, formed of steel-plate and ofimproved construction, which shall atford to it great advantage overother furnaces in the way of strength and durability, which shall becomparatively simple and economical in its construction, present a largeamount of heating-surface within a comparatively small space, andutilize in a high degree the calorific power of the fuel, and whichshall, furthermore, render the internal details of the furnace easilyaccessible for the purpose of cleaning or of renewing parts.

To this end my invention consists in the general construction of myimproved furnace; and itfurther consists in details of construction andcombinations of parts.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of. my improvedfurnace with one side of the outer casing removed to disclose theinternal parts which surround the radiator; Fig. 2, a View in sectionalelevation through the .center of the furnace; Fig. 3, a section taken onthe line 3 3 of Fig. 2, and viewed in the direction of the arrows; andFigs. 4 and 5, broken sectional views showing details of construction.

The furnace comprises, generally stated, a rectangular outer shell orcasing A, a radiator B, of similar form, within the casing, and afire-pot C, with ash-pit C, also rectangular, within the radiator, aspace for the passage of hot products of combustion intervening, so faras practicable, 011 all sides between the parts 0 O and the radiator,and a similar but much larger space for the passage of air being leftbetween the radiator and casing A. The parts A B and O O constitute,respectively, separable portions of the furnace loosely supported oneinside the other-that is, without being secured together in any mannerto interfere with the taking apart of the furnace for any purpose, suchas its removal.

The casing A, which is preferably of sheet in etalas galvanized iron-isformed in three sections A, A and A The sections A and A are joinedtogether at w in the manner most clearly illustrated in Fig. 5viz., by aI strap 25, which surrounds the casing A, and is provided with a tonguet, to fit a groove in a parallel strap 75 on the inside of the casing,the two straps being secured together at intervals by nut-bolts 25 Theedges of the sections A and A abut against the opposite sides of thetongue I." and are clamped between the two straps by the tightening ofthe bolt 25 as shown. The upper edge of the section A is provided withre-enforcing strips 8 s, riveted together through the casing, as mostclearly illustrated in Fig. 6, while the top section A is flanged at itsedge to fit the inner side of and rest upon the strip 5.

The sections A and A are provided with openings for the various fluesand air-passages which communicate with the internal parts of thefurnace and with feed and ashpit openings, which are closed by doors inthe usual manner. The section or top A is provided with openingssurrounded by collars o for the warm-air pipes, and with a waterpan,preferably in the form of a pipe o,pr0- vided with perforations on itsupper side.

I form the radiator B of steel plates riveted together, and chutes r g,which lead, respectively, to the fire-pot and ash-pit, are riveted inplace upon the radiator. On the under side of the radiator is anindirect-draft smoke-flue 19, also riveted to the radiator andcommunicating toward one end with the interior of the latter through apassage 19', and at its,outer end the flue is provided with a door p Thesmoke-flue p is rectangular in form to permit it to fit snugly againstthe radiator, and facilitate the securing of it to the latter byriveting, and its form renders it much easier to clean out than roundflues. Toward the top of the radiator is a directdraft smoke-flue 0,also riveted to the radiator, and communicating with an uprightsmoke-flue a, which communicates at its lower end with the flue p, asshown;

All the connections and various parts of the radiator are rivetedwherever joined, as described, to afford gas-tight seams, which preventthe escape of any of the products of combustion, except through thesmoke-fines,

and render the radiator exceptionally strong and durable.

At the vertical corners of the radiator 13, and secured thereto, areplates or flanges n, which extend radially to the inside corners of thecasing A, and a are zigzag flanges riveted at their edges to theradiator and to the corner flanges n, as shown, to project across thespace intervening between the sides of the radiator and the adjacentsides of the easingA. This construction causes the air to becomethoroughly mixed as it rises up the sides of the radiator, and as eachflange is heated from the radiator the air comes into contact with anextensive area of heatingsurfaee. The corner flanges n obviate thenccessit-y of bending the flanges n around the corners of the radiator,and render the construction more simple and durable and less expensivethan if the flanges n were not employed.

The fire-pot C and ash-pit O are in one piece, and preferably ofcast-iron, the firepot comprising a rectangular skeleton frame inclosinglire-brick m m, which rests upon a flange I at the top of the ash-pit.The corner bricks m have concave faces, which thus round the corners ofthe lining of the firepot, and both the fire-bricks m and m being ofstandard size and shape the difficulty and cost of replacing them whenworn out is much less than would be brick of special size andconstruction, as generally required in. other furnaces. The ash-pit 0 isa solid wall which supports the lire-pot, and is itself mounted uponlegs I, to afford a passage for air underneath between the bottom of theashpit and that of the radiator. The lower edges of the ash-pit wall areflanged inwardly to afford rests P for the edges of a removable plate7;, which constitutes the bottom. of the ash-pit.

In the operation of my improved construction of furnace the hot productsof combustion may be caused to escape through the direct-draft flue o,as in starting the fire, or, the damper 0' in the line 0 being closed,the pro ducts are caused to escape through the indirect-draft flue 1')at the bottom of the. radiator. In the latter case the hot products ofcombustion pass down the four sides of the fire-pot and ash-pit, betweenthem and. the radiator, and into the flue 1) through. the passage p. Inthis manner the hot products, coming in contact with the entire innersurface of the radiator, impartheat to the latter.

throughout all its parts. As the products of combustion are carried overthe sides of the fire-pot, heavier particles fall to the bottom of theradiator or are drawn into the flue 7). When it is desired to clean thebottom of the radiator, this may be readily accomplished through theash-pit door on raising the re movable plate 7a \Vhat I claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rectangular warm-air furnace, the combination, with theradiator, tire-pot, and ash-pit, of a casin A, comprising sections A andA joined at adjacent edges by a strap "6, having a tongue I. extendingbetween the sections, a strap t having a groove to receive the tongue t,and nut-bolts 1'5, securing the strips together, and a top section A,supported on a re-enforcing strip 5-, secured to the section Asubstantially as described.

2. In a rectangular Warm-air furnace, the combination, with the casing,lire-pot, and ash-pit, of a rectangular radiator ll comprising metalplates riveted together, having riveted thereto chutes 9 (1, n indirectline 7'), a flue o, radial corner flanges n, and intermediate zigzagflanges a, substantially as described.

BENJAMIN I1. REYNOLDS.

in presence of LoUr ilrrnn, .I. \V. 'I)vnnnmtrriit.

